I'm not sure how famous is this, maybe everybody but me knows about it, but I found this pretty impressive and decided to share. Its about this very old Chinese map that is remarkably accurate for its time, and maybe one of the firsts to use precise-ish georeference techniques to produce a more correct map. And its also very pretty:

Click image for larger version. 

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A random article about it (there must be better ones around):
https://www.alumniweb.ox.ac.uk/oxfor....aspx?pid=3469

A video telling the map's history:
Multimedia library | The Economist