Quote Originally Posted by The Hobbit, Chapter 8
The food would not last for ever; it was in fact already beginning to get low. They tried shooting at the squirrels, and they wasted many arrows before they managed to bring one down on the path.
So bows are specifically mentioned in the book (although the dwarves are evidently not skilled with them). The only other weapons they had that I can recall were Thorin's sword Orcrist, which was taken from the trolls' cave, and the axe he used during the Battle of Five Armies (the sword having been stolen by Thranduil). The other dwarves' weapons are implied among the provisions but never specifically described, so they could be anything at all.