...unless you clip out a rectangle from the original map losing some edges and some of the outer parts of the map and then you could keep some of the map at the same scale. But you cant adjust then length of a road on one map and print it such that the road length is different on a new sheet of paper and have the map the same scale.

A scale of 1:5,400,000 and you have a road on the map 1 inch long then it will be 5,400,000 inches long in real life - or 85.2 miles to be precise.

The scale is the ratio between the print size to real world.

Its also worth noting for the record that maps of LARGE SCALE are maps that show a small local area and maps of SMALL SCALE are big country or world sized. The reason for this that the scale being a ratio means that 1:5000 is like saying 1/5000 and 1:5,400,000 is like saying 1/5400000 so that the large country map is a small fractional scale and the small regional map is large fraction scale.

See also:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_%28map%29